INDIA RECYCLED ITS FOOD WASTES SINCE VEDIC TIMES TILL PLASTICS ENTERED THEM
City managers can help save India’s soils and reduce food costs for all by collecting food waste unmixed, to produce farmer-affordable compost.
COARSE ORGANIC FRACTION FROM COMPOST PLANTS : A DISCUSSION NOTE
When compost plants receive city waste (either mixed or segregated wet waste) and stabilize it in windrows (long heaps, turned weekly for aeration), about 40% by weight is lost as moisture reduction (from say 60% to 20% by weight). After screening, the yield of saleable compost is at best 15% which meets FCO particle size standards of 4mm and finer. That leaves 45% as a coarse organic fraction, which is currently considered as “rejects”.
Composting is a pollution-abatement technology
In our fields, plants absorb only 20% of added Urea
80% is leached into soil, ground-water and wells :
Punjab’s well – water has been ruined by nitrates.
COIR PITH for LOW-COST BULK COMPOSTING OF CITY WASTE
Composting is a pollution-abatement technology.
In our fields, plants absorb only 20% of added Urea. 80% is leached into soil, ground-water and wells : Punjab’s well – water has been ruined by nitrates.
CITY COMPOST FOR MOUNTAIN AGRICULTURE
Organic farming needs organic inputs. India’s soils, nurtured on home-waste-recycling practices that go back to Vedic times, averaged 2% organic carbon in the soil. That made the Green Revolution possible, as healthy soils responded well to added urea. Food wastes were first given to domestic animals and birds.
Compost quality comments 2010
It is attention to the biology, not the mechanical side, that makes good compost quality. Since all you brothers are so committed to compost plants, I would like to share with all five of you some facts on the yard-management side.
MANAGING COARSE REJECTS FROM COMPOST PLANTS
and ORGANICS FROM BIOMINING
Composting is increasingly becoming the preferred method of processing organics worldwide. California has just declared a complete halt by 2025 to landfilling of all food scraps and tree trimmings going into landfills and generating methane there.
YOU CAN SOLVE YOUR CITY’s WASTE PROBLEM !
Just compost your own kitchen waste daily instead of sending it out to polluting dumps in nearby villages.
Kochi’s Successful Decentralized Composting 2011
The key requirement of the Municipal Solid Waste Rules 2000 is that Municipalities shall “minimize burden on landfill”, for biodegradable wastes by “composting, vermicomposting, anaerobic digestion or …stabilization of wastes” and recycling of recoverable resources.
MANAGING COARSE REJECTS FROM COMPOST PLANTS and ORGANICS FROM BIOMINING
In 2001 -2002, 25 farmers each saw one hectare of their totally unproductive soils in the Sangli-Kolhapur belt in Maharashtra restored to 80% fertility in 18 months with the help of city compost.1
PLANT NUTRITION : CLOSING THE URBAN-RURAL LOOP
India’s Green Revolution has left us with embarrassing mountains of undistributed agricultural surpluses, and thousands of hectares of seriously depleted soils today. Yet it need not be so any longer.
POLICIES TO ENCOURAGE USE OF CITY COMPOST IN INDIA
Composting of city wastes is now a legal requirement for all urban local bodies in India, but Central and State governments have yet to perceive it as a social good requiring official nurturing. The paper describes India’s current agricultural scenario, the proven benefits of Integrated Plant Nutrient Management (IPNM) and the use of city compost in drought-proofing crops and restoring degraded soils.
City compost works wonders for restoring saline soils
RUAF Photo of Plastics+ compost
Plastics in mixed waste, though only 5-6% by weight, are over 50% in volume at expensive sieving units for mixed waste composted as-is.
RUAF revised Compost Paper UA39
Composting of city wastes is a legal requirement for all urban local bodies in India.
However, Central and State governments have yet to perceive it as a social good that requires official support.
MANAGING COARSE REJECTS FROM COMPOST PLANTS and ORGANICS FROM BIOMINING
ABSTRACT : Large quantities of stabilised organics from municipal solid waste compost plants are going unutilised and pose a problem of disposal, needlessly occupying valuable landfill space.
CITY COMPOST FOR MOUNTAIN AGRICULTURE
Organic farming needs organic inputs. India’s carbon-rich soils made the Green Revolution possible, but today’s declining yields from organic-poor soils face a national shortfall of 6 million tons a year of organic manures for agriculture.
BENEFITS OF CITY COMPOST
India has inherited a rich tradition of conservative use of resources.
Even today, villagers feed home waste to animals, compost the leftovers along with stable-wastes, and return nutrients and micro-nutrients to the land.
BENEFITS OF CITY COMPOST
India has inherited a rich tradition of conservative use of resources.
Even today, our “footprint” on the earth is much lighter than that of the newly consumerist societies of the developed world.
CITY COMPOST USE WITH CHEMICAL FERTILISERS WORKS WONDERS
India’s Green Revolution rescued our nation from famines and built up huge surplus stocks of food-grains, but at the cost of over 11.6 million hectares of low-productivity nutrient-depleted soils, ruined by unbalanced and excessive use of synthetic fertilizers and no organic manures or micronutrients.
HILL TOWNS HAVE PROBLEMS
No non-forest vacant spaces
No level ground, fields terraced
Remoteness and neglect
No funds, no experience
Coir Pith for Low-Cost Bulk Composting of City Waste
Composting is a pollution-abatement technology.
In our fields, plants absorb only 20% of added Urea. 80% is leached into soil, ground-water and wells : Punjab’s well – water has been ruined by nitrates.
Composting is a pollution-abatement technology.
In our fields, plants absorb only 20% of added Urea 80% is leached into soil, ground-water and wells : Punjab’s well – water has been ruined by nitrates.
Some Bioculture Service Providers and Suppliers
Bio-sanitising Service Provider for Solid Waste, Fecal Matter, Sewage
and Disaster Management:
Water Saving Thru Vermicompost
South Africa is the country I work in. I started off as a solid waste consultant and used earthworms for that. I marketed household and industrial composters with earthworms as the composting agent. This led to farming and research on organic farming for 8 years and as a private consultant I found that water savings can be as high as 80% if the right methods are used. Here in South Africa the first sunny day is the start of the next drought, or it seems like that, and therefore we have to find ways of conserving water. Trials have shown that any chemical fertilizer used, increased the water requirement by up to 80%.
Watering Windrows
Heaps Biodegrade In 45-60 Days
Ultra-Low-Cost Composting with EM
Wind-rows are wetted with cowdung-water + rock phosphate or with composting biocultures and turned frequently.
City Compost Saves Indias Soils and Crops
INDIA RECYCLED ITS FOOD WASTES SINCE VEDIC TIMES TILL PLASTICS ENTERED THEM.
City Compost Chem Fert Works Wonders
1. India’s Green Revolution rescued our nation from famines and built up huge surplus stocks of food-grains, but at the cost of over 11.6 million hectares of low-productivity nutrient-depleted soils, ruined by unbalanced and excessive use of synthetic fertilizers and no organic manures or micronutrients. TERI has estimated the economic loss of these man-made barren lands at Rs 1 – 3 Billion, Annually, and attributes this to “increasing intensity of cultivation and inadequate and inappropriate application of fertilizers.”
COARSE ORGANIC FRACTION FROM COMPOST PLANTS : A DISCUSSION NOTE
When compost plants receive city waste (either mixed or segregated wet waste) and stabilize it in windrows (long heaps, turned weekly for aeration), about 40% by weight is lost as moisture reduction (from say 60% to 20% by weight). After screening, the yield of saleable compost is at best 15% which meets FCO particle size standards of 4mm and finer. That leaves 45% as a coarse organic fraction, which is currently considered as “rejects”.
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